Corgi

 Corgi

Pembroke Welsh Corgi
Appearance
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi sheds extensively, often daily, with coat "blow outs" often twice a year. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has erect ears which are in proportion to the equilateral triangle of the head. The ears should also be firm, medium in size, and tapered slightly to a rounded point. The head should be "foxy" in shape and appearance. Pembroke Welsh Corgis differ from the Cardigan Welsh Corgi by being shorter in length, having smaller ears, and being slightly straighter of leg.[9] The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has a "fairy saddle", somewhat lighter markings on each side of the withers caused by changes in the thickness, length, and direction of hair growth.[10] The Pembroke Welsh Corgi sheds mostly in the spring and autumn and may shed 

annually, with intact females shedding during heat.[11]

Breed faults exist; some which may acknowledge genetic health conditions such as "fluffies" which are corgis with very long coats,[12] and "bluies," which have a dilute colour (red coats present with a bluish cast).[13]

While some outlying Pembroke Welsh Corgis are born with their tail naturally short or missing, the majority often have their tails docked between 2–5 days old due to historical tradition or in order to conform to the Breed Standard.[14] Artificial docking was needed for the dog to do its job as a herding dog in the United Kingdom. A non-herding, "companion" dog was considered a luxury under tax law, and attracted a tax, so to demonstrate that their dogs were herding dogs, owners had to ensure the dogs had docked or bobbed tails. The Kennel Club,[15] the United Kennel Club,[16] and the FCI allow intact tails in Conformation shows. The AKC Standard states tails should be docked no longer than 2 inches (5 cm). In many countries, docking has been deemed illegal.[17]

Temperament
Pembroke Welsh Corgis are very affectionate, love to be involved in the family, and tend to follow wherever their owners go. They have a great desire to please their owners, thus making them eager to learn and train. The dogs are easy to train and are ranked as the eleventh most intelligent dog in Stanley Coren's The Intelligence of Dogs. Besides herding, they also function as watchdogs due to their alertness and tendency to bark only as needed. Most Pembrokes will seek the attention of everyone they meet and behave well around children and other pets. It is important to socialise this breed with other animals, adults, and children when they are very young to avoid any anti-social behavior or aggression later in life. Due to their herding instinct, they love to chase anything that moves, so it is best to keep them inside fenced areas. The herding instinct will also cause some younger Pembrokes to nip at their owners' ankles.[18]

Health

Pembroke leaving teeter-totter during a dog agility competition.
Pembrokes have an average life expectancy of 12–15 years.[19][20] Pembroke Welsh Corgis are achondroplastic, meaning they are a "true dwarf" breed. As such, their stature and build can lead to certain non-inherited health conditions, but genetic issues should also be considered. Commonly, Pembrokes can suffer from monorchidism, Von Willebrand's disease, hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy (DM), and inherited eye problems such as progressive retinal atrophy. Genetic testing is available for Pembroke Welsh Corgis to avoid these issues and enhance the genetic health pool.[21] Pembrokes are also prone to obesity given a robust appetite, characteristic of herding group breeds.[22]

History
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi lineage has been traced back as far as 1107 AD.[1][23] It is said that Flemish weavers brought the dogs with them as they traveled to reside in Wales.[23]

Pembrokes and Cardigans first appeared together in 1925 when they were shown under the rules of The Kennel Club in Britain.[2] The Corgi Club was founded in December 1925 in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire.[2] It is reported that the local members favored the Pembroke breed, so a club for Cardigan enthusiasts was founded a year or so later.[2] Both groups have worked hard to ensure the appearance and type of breed are standardized through careful selective breeding.[2] Pembrokes and Cardigans were officially recognized by the Kennel Club in 1928 and were initially categorized together under the single heading of Welsh Corgis, before the two breeds were recognized as separate and distinct in 1934.[2]

Pembroke Welsh Corgis are becoming more popular in the United States and rank 20th (24th) in American Kennel Club registrations,[24] as of 2015 (2012). However, corgis are now listed as a "vulnerable" breed in the United Kingdom; the decline has been said to be due to a 2007 ban on tail-docking (the practice of cutting off the animal’s tail) in the U.K., as well as the lack of breeders in the U.K.[25] In 2009, the corgi was added to The Kennel Club's "At Watch" list of British breeds when annual registrations numbered between 300 and 450.[26] In 2014, the breed was put on the Club's "Vulnerable Native Breeds" list when registrations dropped under 300.[26] In 2018, the breed came off the "At Risk" list with 456 puppies registered in December 2017.[26] The Kennel Club has credited the renewed interest in the breed to the popular Netflix television series, The Crown.[26] The Pembroke Welsh Corgi has also appeared in the American television Brooklyn Nine-Nine as the pet dog of Captain Raymond Holt and Kevin M. Cozner and is shown to be extremely loyal. A Corgi with human level intelligence is one of the 5 main characters in the TV show Cowboy Bebop.

Activities
Pembroke Welsh Corgis can compete in dog agility trials, obedience, showmanship, flyball, tracking, and herding events. Herding instincts and trainability can be measured at noncompetitive herding tests.[27]

Queen Elizabeth's Corgis
Main article: Queen Elizabeth's corgis

At a young age, the Queen’s passion for this breed started when her father, King George VI,